c. Compensation is comparatively low and hours are comparatively long in most biological industries, including, as far as my friends in bio have told me: agriculture, biomedical engineering, and biotechnology.
At least, compensation is low and hours are long compared to other white-collar professions that require a lot of education and training. $40k-$60k per year for an agricultural biologist with an advanced degree (MSc or PhD+postdoc) is roughly what they get at my fiancee's workplace, and they usually work around 60 hours/week (my fiancee is unusual in managing to work only 50-55 most weeks).