Anecdote: I heard that peaches were grown in Greenhouses to avoid rot & bugs and it's been very helpful.
But there's also the required energy:
"just to meet a year's U.S. wheat production with vertical farming would, for lighting alone, require EIGHT TIMES as much electricity as all U.S. utilities generate in an entire year"
Additionally, not all vertical farming relies on artificial lighting.
But without cheap, abundant, clean power to replace the way traditional farming uses the sun, vertical farming is either not going to be economically viable on a large scale, or is going to be trading one set of negative externalities for another (traditional farming's externalities from runoff, etc., for the externalities from the power production for vertical farming), or both.
I don't think people realise how low farm-gate prices for commodity foods are.