I stopped working with it (for now at least), because I couldn't figure out how to get my Node.js library to compile correctly. So at least for me the learning curve was a barrier to use it.
[1] https://github.com/dcodeIO/node.js-closure-compiler-externs
ClojureScript uses Closure as an optimisation backend, since the primary cljs compiler is already in java.
https://github.com/clojure/clojurescript/wiki/Rationale#goog...
How many alt.js languages implemented in !java use closure?
I did try to use closure instead of uglify in a project recently - closure was a real pain to deal with compared to tools with equivalent functionality that are written in JavaScript. Cross-language ecosystem tools rarely work well it seems.
Closure advanced mode will do a lot better than 5% compared with Uglify.
That said, closure being in JavaScript has more to do with choosing rhino than anything else. If you were starting a project like closure today you wouldn't use Java.
Re: advanced mode, totally depends on what kind of code you've got. Lots of inlineable functions and constants? Double digits easily. Lots of objects and DOM? 5% better than uglify is optimistic.
It should be rather trivial to have a gulp/grunt task that installs Java and runs CC. CC could even be packaged as a EXE if desired.