In this case, there is no real innovative, patent-worthy tech. It's just an idea with some very basic tech any developer worth his salt can put together in months if not weeks.
I see this all the time: developers confuse pure tech companies (like Google or SpaceX) with tech-supported companies.
Google won, because it was fastest and had good links.
Fastest was more important than better links. How did they get faster than their competitors? They bought cheap servers all over to beat the transportation times to the clients. Also their page was smaller, not overloaded, so the results could be presented faster.
Their bot was also more aggressive. A more aggressive bot contributes more to the link quality than the algorithm, because you get deeper and new stuff more timely. People are searching for new stuff.
That's how Google won. Not because of PageRank alone. PageRank was a contributing factor. But renting out cheap servers in every datacenter out there and keeping the page small and fast and dealing with the consequences of cheap servers (HD fails, fallbacks, ...) was more important.
It wasn't long before I dropped that application and just used google, I wasn't waiting around for any of the other results anyway.
[1] Copernic - Long since pivoted into desktop search
This helped get users used to google as it was the first page on every machine I had control of as it manager...
Windows required less resources to run and that made it "superior" in mass availability.