just a small sample... http://grab.by/1v6n
Yes, unhealthy dietary choices weighs the system down - but it weighs all systems down, and to say it accounts for the majority of the discrepancy is IMHO missing the gorilla in the room, which is that the US health care system is unbelievably broken.
Addendum: There is one thing where the US is very different from Canada. You guys eat the same stuff we do... but you eat much more of it. I'm pretty convinced that the average American can eat half, if not one quarter what they currently do and be just fine. Serving sizes in the US are so big that nowadays I often pack up lunch leftovers and have more than enough for dinner.
The big difference here is probably racial. Table 3 of my first link suggests white Canadians are only a little thinner than white Americans. But blacks, particularly black women, are considerably fatter than average. They make up about 12% of the US and 2% of Canada.
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-620-m/2005001/article/adults...
http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/82-620-m/2005001/article/adults...
I think that potatolicious's addendum hit the nail on the head though: Americans eat too much food. When I cook for myself or eat at Google, my portion size is about 2/3 the typical restaurant portion. Doggy-bags have always been normal when my family ate out - it's not unusual for a restaurant meal to generate at least another couple lunches and sometimes another dinner. We're not fat. I suspect that a lot of Americans don't realize that restaurant portions are sized to accommodate the biggest conceivable person eating there (serving too little food is far worse than serving too much), and that the typical person shouldn't be eating anywhere near that much.
But the disparity is much larger for blacks. I mentioned blacks mainly because I could quickly find statistics for them.