Now, I'm happy to find out that that is not indeed how things HAVE to work, and I'm a lot happier and less conflicted. And now that we have many prominent examples of more functional and humane corporate and engineering cultures, I'm sad for all those people still toiling away in dilbert-land.
You can also look around for medium-sized places where software is the primary product; they can typically afford some Dilbertiness, but not too much, or they get eaten by somebody else. Depends on your tolerance, and on your ability to carve your own defensible niche out.
But either way, the key is certainly to start looking. No, working in Dilbert is not inevitable, but you'll have to take positive action if you are stuck there now.
Let's be honest, those of us who have built careers on the "modern-web-stack running in AWS" tend to tilt in the bearded-hipster direction. I've interviewed people coming out of corporate behemoths, and they're typically older, have families, have a more conservative demeanor, and are a few years behind the HN curve, tech-wise. It takes some effort to cross that cultural gap and recognize the decades of engineering and inter-personal experience that some of these people have.
If that's not in the cards, maybe you could look slightly farther afield in your geographical area than you would normally, or look farther afield in your technical area than you normally would.
It might also help to work on some either open source or other public-facing projects (assuming you can and they don't conflict with your current employment, etc.). Then you show that you have experience other than just what you might have from your day job.
As I see it, the crucial difference between Dilbert and non-Dilbert is responsiveness to unhappiness and the ability to learn from failure.
In Dilbert-land, an entire engineering department can grow to be silently miserable. Outside of Dilbert-land, many people would raise their voices and with enough protest, major change would happen. That's because management knows that bad morale is deadly, and can't afford to restaff after mass departures. And outside Dilbert-land, people tend to not see themselves as trapped, and really will, indeed, quit.
Also, medium-sized agencies simply cannot afford to have more than 10% of their projects utterly fail - their cash-flow is too limited, and they live on their reputation and good relationships with clients. Unlike the Dilberts, they simply can't walk straight into failure over and over.
The printing thing stopped when online help got better and more ubiquitous. Now, I usually read docs on the web and only buy a book when I want to majorly invest in learning a new technology.
In fact I had burned them to a cd-rom so I could pass them out easily to co-workers...
Better than printing them out, but still unthinkable now.