Let's pause for a Microsecond (in Java)

Doing anything with time this fine-grained is going to be OS and hardware-dependent, anyway. So even if Java did have such a function, you wouldn't be able to use it in most places.

IIRC, the Linux kernel only reports time to a resolution of 10ms. Vendors of real-time hardware actually provide custom kernel patches with alternate ways of getting the time with finer resolution.