I assume you mean one-time a priori to needing them. Otherwise, it's a non-starter; half the purpose of a system like this is to allow the emergency services to determine if you're unresponsive. Defeats the purpose if you have to authorize the system to tell emergency services that you can't interact with the system.
It was. She had to enable the feature so that it could use her phone's bluetooth.
Eh? I don't think it relies on your phone... the car has its own cell radio for this very purpose.
You do have to connect your phone yourself, but it's unclear if the 911 assist is on by default, or if there are any prompts the user must accept.
These services typically require you to pay for a service plan. Hard to argue you didn't intend to do that.
It is probably covered by FCC regulations about 911 calls, specifically, "The FCC's basic 911 rules require wireless service providers to transmit all 911 calls to a PSAP, regardless of whether the caller subscribes to the provider's service or not."