Probably would have been a lot more Jews alive in Europe for starters.
Edit: People seem to be unhappy with this comment. Rather than vote on it, why not comment on it.
Edit: People seem to be unhappy with this comment. Rather than vote on it, why not comment on it.
Looking at Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_Ott..., it seems like Jews were at the whim of the Sultan, but during the "classic" Ottoman Empire (1300-1600s), tended to prosper.
There may be counters to this, but first couple of sources I looked at indicate your initial comment either needs backing or is incorrect.
An interesting book about this and Iraq in specific is Banking on Baghdad; published in 2008, it's aimed at an interested Western reader, and is a good read.