Many applications from recommender systems, to market analysis to drug discovery probably require large datasets of the sort that can only be collected by a large business.
But if you want to learn control polices for robotic agents that navigate the physical world, driving cars, stocking shelves, etc. then I think the physical world is presenting everyone with approximately the same data set regardless of company size.
There are very few examples where it doesn't happen. I can only think of Torvalds\Linux and Wikipedia.
2. Startup or established company, it doesn't matter so much who does the displacing as much as who is getting displaced: either way, the argument contends that vast swathes of the middle class will be adversely affected.
Much better articulated here by Doug Rushkoff that I ever will be able too - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=87TSoqnZass