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You have an absolute, indelible right to freedom of speech, except where it collides with other absolute, indelible rights. That's not exactly surprising, isn't it?

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That's not what it says. It says they can pass unspecified local laws to limit your speech. For example, they can make it illegal to talk to a police officer in the wrong tone. Heck, they can make it illegal to talk to your plants in the wrong tone.

The fundamental rights in the german constitution are interpreted in their broadest possible sense. All laws that restrict any of the fundamental rights can trace their root back to one of the other fundamental rights. They can't make it illegal to talk to your plants in the wrong tone.

Fundamentally speaking, this whole conflict is a conflict of two fundamental rights in the German constitution: Freedom of Speech (or Arts) and Human Dignity. The relevant laws can be traced back to those two rights.

They pass a law saying it is a violation of human dignity to talk to your plants in the wrong tone.

Since the plant is not a human, no, they can't. The rights are attached to humans - which is actually better than the US constitution which speaks for US citizens only AFAIK.

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