>The length of time taken for the extinction to occur is a controversial issue, because some theories about the extinction's causes require a rapid extinction over a relatively short period (from a few years to a few thousand years) while others require longer periods.[1]
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_e...
World wide wildfires, followed by years of minimal sunlight. That would quickly kill most plant life, and 99+% of everything larger than a badger in the first year. Ocean life would be somewhat insulated from the effect and predators can survive on prey or other predators for a while. But, this is not something that got better in the first year.
PS: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shiva_crater is another contender, but it's almost to large.