I actually saved a bunch of my junk calls and went looking for a lawyer. Those things are worth up to $1500 a piece so I was hoping to make some fast money. I was unable to find a lawyer who even knew what I was talking about. Referrals are welcome, thanks.
[1]https://www.wsgr.com/publications/PDFSearch/wsgralert-prior-...
I think it's the same argument and laws that apply against emails. Some say that it's equally "first amendment" to block emails and phone calls. (IANAL) [0]
(If the above implementation is accurate, it means blocking robocalls will be feasible on smartphones but not legacy analog land line phones.)
It wouldn't be a First Amendment issue because the owners of the phones can opt into blocking robotelemarketing callers. Same concept as AdBlock or putting "127.0.0.1 ads.doubleclick.net" in your HOSTS.
If modifying your HOSTS file or adding a email routing rule is GMail/MSOutlook to redirect mail to a trash folder is violating someone elses First Amendment rights, it's not an argument I've ever seen presented.
From the article, it looks like intelligence about VOIP is part of the potential solution.
https://www.wirelessweek.com/news/2016/08/us-carriers-join-a...
http://blogs.wsj.com/law/2016/07/28/judge-first-amendment-pr...
However, a key sentence from the article was:
"concrete plans to accelerate the development and adoption of new tools and solutions,"
The "new tools" doesn't sound like crafting a law for a court to strike down but new technology to empower users to block the nuisance calls.