An example from Napoleon's life was Marengo [1]. One of his generals (Massena) was besieged by the Austrians in Genoa. Napoleon had to make a choice between rescuing him - as he had requested - or cutting off the main Austrian force led by von Melas which was making inroads towards France; he did not have enough men or time to do both. His decision to cut off von Melas paid off in eventual victory, the reappearance of "independent" Italy for the first time in centuries, and peace for France, but cost him the city and Massena's friendship, as the latter felt betrayed, raison d'etat be damned.
In another famous instance [2], he loaded grapeshot in canons and fired at massed French citizen in the streets of Paris to defend the Revolution from Royalists. His calculation was that if he slaughtered a few in a brutal manner, he'd shock the rest into retreat; he pulled it off, saved the revolution at the cost of only a few hundred lives, and was rapidly promoted thereafter.
In both cases, Napoleon's own interests were aligned with that of the country and its people. In other cases, such as choosing a policy of economic protectionism as a response to Britain's industrial revolution being too advanced to compete against, or reinstating the Catholic Church as the official state religion and making succession hereditary once again, one could argue they were not.