Work like Deep style transfer, or Prisma can try to transfer the style of one painting to an existing user photo. But you cannot use it as painting tool for creating new stuff.
There's got to be a way, although it might be incestuous. Use Deep style transfer and/or Prisma to massively increase the body of work, by transforming other work into that style, and then using that as training data for this...? Then I guess the artistry is in filtering those images, but that's a lot of images...
OOOOOHHHH WAIT. Remember how there's that dude who gets shown surveillance images from the middle east, and a computer watches his brain for the faster-than-thought responses to there being things in those images? That same trick MIGHT work for artistic sensibilities, but the response might not be identifiable enough.
As you said, one can also apply other filters like Prisma.