A program in Haskell can only crash in one way (on a hypothetical computer that doesn't break or run out of RAM): if you write a function that doesn't have an output for every input. You can prevent this through totality checkers such as the one presented in "GADTs meet their match", which you can enable in GHC, the most popular Haskell compiler.
However, programs can still loop forever.
There are several approaches to fix this. One approach is to require recursive functions to monotonically decrease on their arguments. Languages like Idris and Agda support this. The downside is you are no longer Turing complete.
The approach mentioned in the paper is to make a formal distinction between finite and infinite data (data and codata), and in this way you can keep termination checking for functions on finite data, but you also get to keep Turing completeness. What you do instead of proving completeness for functions that might run forever is you prove that the function "does something useful" every time it recurses.