I'm not sure that capitalism as such has much to do with the problem you describe, as anyone who ever went to a Soviet emergency room will be happy to tell you.
I have a few physicians in my extended family and this mirrors what I've seen from them; I don't know how you'd get board certified neurosurgeons to take q3 trauma call in more rural areas for years on end other than ''here's a boatload of money''. It's masochistic work.
Capitalism, especially our current flavor of it, has plenty of problems, but I think it's important to separate the core principals (mostly free markets, pursuit of self interest) from the pollutants (loopholes, cronyism and special interests).
Citation required. I'd venture the US is more accurately described as a hybrid socialist / mercantilist regime than a capitalist regime.