I would handle it publicly if I felt I was treated unfairly in a way that suggests the company is inherently biased.

I don't understand your use of 'clawed back.' Commonly stock options don't vest until the first year - were your options really clawed back or were they unvested at termination?

Why were you fired?

It's plausible you can make a statement anonymously, while your employer would know who it is, most hiring managers in the future wouldn't know it was you, or of the issue.

There's nothing wrong with going on unemployment when you're terminated. You directly or indirectly pay for that unemployment insurance.