Any idea what proportion of merchants using Stripe's bitcoin handling actually do this automatic refunding?
It's a very interesting vulnerability and I enjoyed reading the write-up and thought process, but I'm not sure how practical it is if it requires interaction from the merchant to perform the refund. I think an overpayment and refund request weeks after the initial payment (when coincidentally the BTC value has reduced) would definitely ring some alarm bells - hopefully with both the merchant and the team at Stripe.
I guess you could spread out your overpayments amongst different merchants and try and limit the time between the initial purchase and the refund requests but the entire thing seems a bit convoluted to pull off.
In any case, kudos to the author for the responsible disclosure and for Stripe for handling this professionally.