>> Neural networks are so called because they mimic — approximately — the structure of the brain.

Grumble.

ANNs are "approximately" like the brain [1] as much as Pong is "approximately" like the game of Tennis. In fact, much less so.

ANNs are algorithms for optimising systems of functions. The "neurons" are functions, their "synapses" are inputs and outputs to the functions. That's an "approximation" of a brain only in the most vague sense, in the broadest possible strokes, so broad in fact that you could be approximating any physical process or object [2].

Like, oh, I dunno- trains.

Trains, right? The functions are like coaches and the parameters they pass between each other are like rails. Artificial Neural Networks --> Artificial Train Networks; they mimic - approximately - the structure of the train.

Stop the madness. They're nothing like brains, in any way, shape or form.

And grumble some more.

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[1] Wait- which brain? Mammalian brain? Primate brain? Human brain? Grown-up brain? Mathematician's brain? Axe-murderer's brain?

[2] Because... that's what they do, right? They approximate physical processes.