General and Fractional Hypertree Decompositions: Hard and Easy Cases (2016) [pdf]

Some new database technologies released this year on Github are starting to explore new ideas along these lines including

https://github.com/attic-labs/noms

Which is using the concept of Prolly Trees

https://github.com/attic-labs/noms/blob/master/doc/intro.md#...

Which are Probabilistic B-Trees...

Great post, but you don't need the year (it's from this Nov.), and since you link to the abstract on arXiv (thanks!) you can skip the pdf-tag as well.