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The key is that now all royalty-free codecs can use MPEG-2 technologies as their base instead of having to work around the lack of them.

Okay, but which technologies in particular? Since they've already been worked around, what's the advantage?

Workarounds might have had to sacrifice efficiency or simplicity.

Might have, but again what's an example? What's a technique from MPEG-2 now available that could have improved VP9 or can improve AV1?

B-frames.