It's truly amazing the quantity of information in the images you are looking at. Basically, we're trying to explain how galaxies form. The progress that's been made on the problem has been tremendous over the past 10 or 20 years, but we still have a long way to go. My hope, is that we do not figure out how galaxies form, instead, finding some new physics.

Anyhow, one highlight: By counting the same red galaxies you seen in sky's SDSS data, we have been able to measure the universal distribution of matter, and the change in "size" of the universe, through the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation.