I believe Cycles (the Blender renderer) only relies on CUDA [1], so it should work. Depending on which AMD card you had on your Mac, it sounds like it might not be supported by Cycles. Because the NVIDIA K80 doesn't do Display though, you'd need to run say vnc or run Cycles from the command line.
[1] https://docs.blender.org/manual/en/dev/render/cycles/gpu_ren...