I guess d3 (https://github.com/d3/d3/blob/master/API.md) can handle most of these things.

Others you can check out:

- http://turfjs.org

- https://two.js.org

- http://paperjs.org (especially "PaperScript" which does some magic to allow adding / multiplying etc. vectors if that's what you're after)

Also worth noting is that for most "computations" there is a likely a package available on npm

csg.js is a computational solid geometry 3D library for Javascript.

https://github.com/williame/csg.js is a fork where I made some performance improvements when I used it in a Ludum Dare game; dev vid https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zjz-hpm8No