Not so long ago I read a similar article. This small piece of research is just that - a piece, and I'm going to guess the actual effect will be seen once we combine the pieces. Sleep deprivation itself obviously isn't sustainable, but other things might just be.
Other sleep-related studies show things like decreasing REM sleep helps as well. Some psychiatric drugs already have this effect on people, in fact. Obviously, going without sleep is going to do this. Granted, this is all speculation from the bits I've read, but it would make sense - as well as why some folks find weed to help greatly: taken regularly, it often decreases dreaming.
I'd provide the link, but I can't remember where I read it. I've seen a few articles reporting on this particular thing.