Actually no, you can't, because they limit how much you can apply to a single flight. To use up $10k in vouchers, it's likely you'd need to make 20-100 flights, before they expired in a year.
I've received large (not $10k) vouchers from major airlines before, and the only restriction is the expiration date.
They are effectively the same as cash for that airline, and I have yet to see a VDB voucher that is significantly restricted.
Airlines do give away a lot of "good will" certificates during irrops (e.g. weather events) to upset customers, which function more like coupons than traditional vouchers.
I'm happy to be proven wrong, but checking with a few friends who between us fly all the major US carriers - VDB vouchers are effectively airline cash with an expiration date.