From my perspective, a big loser would be Toyota. They seem to have invested heavily in hydrogen fuel cells, which appears to be the wrong technology for a number of reasons, and squandered the significant lead they had with the Prius. It's too bad; they were among the first to mass produce automotive battery packs. A plug-in hybrid Lexus RX would compete directly with Tesla...
I might also lump Nissan in with the losers -- what have they done since the Leaf, which is now totally outclassed in terms of range?
I'm actually more optimistic about Ford and GM, which are investing heavily in electric cars and self-driving cars, than I am about the Japanese brands.
I say this as a happy Toyota Prius owner. I like my car, but I think electric self-driving cars are where the money is going to be in the future, and I wish Toyota would make a better effort in that area.
I suspect that Nissan USA management remembers the outcome from the last time a Renault vehicles were imported into the US [0].
The really big loser among the big boys in Japan is Mazda. They are reportedly just getting into hybrid vehicles in 2019 and while they are also planning a "bespoke" electric vehicle, I really don't think they are taking it seriously (could be wrong).
Mitsubishi has a production electric vehicle that I've seen from time to time in Japan. Again, the Leaf dwarfs it in terms of popularity (at least out where I live), and I'm still not sure what to make of it. I've never seen one when casually looking into a Mitsubishi showroom, and I don't think they really see it as mainstream. If you go to a Nissan showroom, though, the Leaf is front and centre.
It will be interesting to see where it goes. I personally predict that Japan, as a nation, will go electric far before the US does. The distances that people drive here are typically quite short because the speed limits are very low. A lot of people would consider 100km to be quite a long drive. I've also seen charging infrastructure pop up here (mostly in luxury hotels, but also in many businesses and apartment buildings -- alas not the one I live in).
Part of the problem is that few Japanese homes have garages (I mostly saw carports, if anything), and few Japanese apartments have any kind of guaranteed parking.
Where are you going to put the charger in Japan? Are you going to install it outside where it will be rained on? If you live in an apartment, are you going to buy a huge extension cord and drag it out to where you parked your car a few blocks away? I suppose the main advantage in Japan is that the charger is very unlikely to be stolen, but still.
Japan has a vehicle per capita of 591 cars per 1000 ppl vs the US 797/1000, which is a lot lower but also far far from "nobody has a car".
Keep in mind that I live in the countryside. Large cities have serious parking challenges. I'm not surprised that San Jose has lots of electric vehicles on the streets (more than Japan), but that is hardly typical of the US. Overall, both countries have very little penetration at this point.
As for hybrids, the top 2 selling cars in Japan last year were essentially the Prius with over 300k vehicles [1]. Admittedly, there isn't anything else making a big impact, but that's still quite a large percentage of the overall market.
[0] http://electriccarsreport.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/cha...
[1] http://www.best-selling-cars.com/japan/2016-full-year-japan-...
The commercial chargers are all waterproof, with connectors rated IP67 or similar, usually with a drain outlet for any water that does somehow manage to get in the connector. The cables are similarly rated.
The lowest rated cable I own is the "home charge" kit, which takes a normal (UK) 3 pin wall socket and imitates a "proper" EVSE charger for the car with a J1772 connector at the car end. The wall plug bit I currently solved by fitting a waterproof outdoor socket and use that when I need to charge at home.
At some point I should take advantage of the government grants for fitting a proper home charger akin to the commercial ones...
One thing to keep in mind is that in Japan the average age of vehicles is very low, so things could change almost overnight. Japan can be slow to adopt some things but once they do they do it en-mass.
[0] http://freakonomics.com/podcast/why-are-japanese-homes-dispo...
The current Prius is a much better car, but marginally more efficient than evan a Gen2. They sold a hybrid minivan in Japan a decade ago, but still hadn't brought it to the states (we got the Prius V instead).
Hell even the Chrysler beat them to a usable hybrid minivan (Pacifica PHEV even with a better EV range than a Prius Prime).
Why would I choose a Prius when I could choose a Bolt, Ioniq, eGolf or others - all of which could support my 70+ mi commute easily with overnight charging.
(To be fair, it's amazing that GM managed to dig out of that rabbit hole, as that was most of their "lost 90s" in R&D, but maybe not surprising it took near bankruptcy to do that.)
[1] http://carsalesbase.com/us-car-sales-data/toyota/toyota-mira...