While I also long for the elimination of some of the things you list (mainly patents), I want to emphasize that even in a perfectly competitive and ideal market, the phenomenon of preferential wealth accretion would still happen.

Picketty's explanation is that capital's reward is higher than work's, but I'm not bent on defending that explanation (even if until a better one comes up, I'll stick to Picketty's).

As far as I know there is no counter example of the phenomenon itself (whatever the underlying reason is).