PCMPISTRI and friends are great, but they're not very friendly to the problem described in the article, since they can only check membership in a 16-element set.
Regardless, in the OP, they're specifically looking for one of a small number of bytes, which is exactly what PCMPISTRI is supposed to be good for.
With that said, my experience mirrors glangdale's. Every time I've tried to use PCMPISTRI, it's either been slower than other methods or not enough of an improvement to justify it.