What if we had a dotted bike lane on EVERY road, so cars could straddle it, but when trying to pass a bike would have a clear indicator of how much space they need to leave.
You could still have dedicated solid-line bike lanes where you had high bike traffic, but you might not need so many of them because the dotted lane would get you part of the safety/bicyclist comfort benefits.
Edit: I guess this exists. It's called "Advisory bike lanes" http://www.minneapolismn.gov/bicycles/advisory-bike-lane