The scientific data on this is at best controversial, there are plenty of studies claiming the effect is real, and a bunch of counters that the data is fundamentally flawed in complex ways, and doesn't appropriately account for a lot of other variables that can affect child development. It is also likely that high income offsets many of the most correlated negative effects, i.e. educational attainment.
My first career was in education, I worked with and saw many kids with a breadwinning parent who was absent most of the week, and they generally developed on the same spectrum as parents of equally present two parent households.
Anecdotally, my mother worked extremely long hours from her first child (I'm the youngest of my siblings by a decade) until I was a teenager, I routinely only saw her to say goodbye in the morning and on weekends. My siblings and I all ended up pretty far ahead on any developmental scale you choose, even though we basically only saw her on weekends.