In html the link comes first <a href="link">Link Text</a>. So I would bet that most people are more comfortable with the link coming first.
And the entire point of Markdown is to get something that is closer to how we write plain text.
> link_to "Text", "http://example.com"
And Markdown:
> [Text](http://example.com)
It's pretty easy to remember the order after a while.