It's more than that. Look at the recent deal with Sri Lanka to resolve the debt owed to China for building a port there:
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sri-lanka-china-ports-idU...
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-sri-lanka-china-ports-idU...
The loss of sovereignty is the most extreme example for of course. Leasing is something in between. Though 99 years is a pretty long time.
"You can't pay, ok how about we'll just take control of this little part of your country for 99 years".