Ugh, can also confirm this happens on my phone. This feels like more of UI event/timing issue than a logic issue.
Also, if this turns out to be a performance based bug that will be pretty frustrating considering Apple is always bragging about how they build the hardware, the software, have grand-central dispatch, have Metal and have multi-core custom built CPUs...yada, yada.
It’s not just that number sequence...it’s any rapid fire typing of numbers that cause these gross miscalculations.
Rollback the calculator app, if that doesn’t fix it...rollback the OS.
Yes I’m frustrated.