One is what proportion of ordinary people could actually get access to bitcoins in third world nations.
Another is whether bitcoin mining will wind-up being a way to launder money and access to energy in the third world - we often hear about oil, diamonds and minerals being taken during conflicts in third world nations. If someone could turn oil into wealth with nothing more than an Internet connection and a portable server-farm, a whole range of abuses might be possible. It's been claim bitcoin mining in China can be a way to subvert currency controls already.