Might be possible, but the tensile strength required may be beyond our material science capabilities.

A harpoon impacting an object going 26km/s would experience something like 12,000gs even if you gave it a 1km-long buffer.

So your harpoon would have to be rocket-assisted. The problem now is how long does your need to be? The tensile strength to carry the weight of the tether itself may make this impossible.