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I think that effect it's called by psychologists "fundamental attribution error". It has been studied for years:

It's called the Just World Hypothesis and has indeed been studied for decades.

They are certainly related, but not quite the same.

JWT is based on whether positive or negative outcomes were "deserved" and the extent to which randomness exists.

In contrast, FAE touches on what you believe motivated an individual to act, and whether it was innate or circumstantial.