The OTCA Metapixel in Conway's Game of Life (2015)
instructables.com
instructables.com
https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/11880/build-a-w...
Over four years a number of users from StackOverflow built Tetris using the OTCA Metapixel. To summarise, they built layers of abstraction to move from the Game of Life, to Metapixels, to wires, to logic gates, to a RISC computer. There they developed their own assembly language to write tetris and finally compiled and ran it. In total the world is 2,940,928 x 10,295,296 blocks in size.
Here's an interpreter for that language running Tetris: http://play.starmaninnovations.com/qftasm/#jllHdnBGSP
I would love to see a sophisticated comparison to biology and the layers of abstraction there.
If you like GoL, you should check out LifeWiki which is the largest and most up-to-date pattern collection (kind-of encyclopedia for the GoL universe) out there:
http://www.conwaylife.com/wiki/Main_Page
If you are interested in latest research and news about the subject, the following blog aggregate is the best I'm aware of: