Sure, but your carelessness doesn't absolve me of my crime. If you lose your diamond ring out of carelessness, it's still not ok for me to steal it.
If you insist on analogies involving lost rings, this situation is more like taking a picture of a ring someone lost in the street than it is like taking the ring.
If his carelessness meant communicating that you could take the ring without stealing it (say placing it in the donation basket instead of his wallet), that would absolve you of your crime.