To give a personal example from a FAANG, where I work at, web developers don't have to worry much about a lot of the ops infrastructure - a lot of that work is offloaded to another org whose sole responsibility is to have a robust setup for the whole company. We don't have to reinvent the wheel for things like CI/CD, and such nice features like deploy on a pull request basis. The main inefficiency I see is that large organizations take time to make the decision of whether something is the right thing to build. Once the decision has been made, the implementation happens much faster than what small companies can match that I've seen - my own employer moves frightfully fast compared to any startup I've worked for.
From personal experience, I see small companies constantly struggle with trying to standardize these things, and often solve these problems in a way that causes long term iteration pain. Oftentimes the engineers aren't good enough to solve many of these problems, and the short-termism of feature development strangles a lot of proper solution building, which actually leads to a lot of inefficiency.
A lot of times, small companies also often take shortcuts that bigger companies cannot take. For example, internationalization and accessibility may be minimum requirements at some bigger companies, whereas small companies may not be hamstrung with supporting those fully for their customers, if at all.