It's hard to tell if the lack of the subway was a factor in the lower rate of growth or if the lower rate of growth meant the subway wasn't needed after all.
The division of responsibilities between the rapid transit and commuter rail systems in DC and the Bay Area is different in a way that might account for both the greater total system length and the lower ridership per mile compared to Chicago's system. Or Boston's T, for that matter.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Motors_streetcar_consp...
I think it likely if the streetcars had grown, they probably would have been converted into subways, etc. and more extensive public transit generally..
although postwar prosperity probably helped as well (whereas europe had to rebuild)
The Blue Line is underground for probably about the same distance (goes under South of Addison and then hits the Loop, heads West, and reemerges West of Clinton).
My estimate might be a bit off, I'll just going off my mental map of the city.