Javascript is a great language because it allows you to develop incredibly fast (scripting language) for a platform that runs everywhere (the web).
It used to be far simpler, but IMHO, insecurity because of all of the FUD that this sort of article prescribes, has meant that the language has bloated to incorporate all sorts of syntax improvements and new patterns.
It's not a systems programming language, so all the comparisons against typed, compiled languages are moot. Introducing transpiling as a mandatory pattern for JS development was a mistake.
The reason JS has won is because the web has won. Arguing about its merits misses the point.