That's simply not true.
The TSA will absolutely stop you if you try to back out of the screening process once you've already started.
The TSA will absolutely stop you if you try to back out of the screening process once you've already started.
Furthermore, nothing in the TSA rules says "no cash exceeding X dollars". If they don't want you to bring it, they should explicitly disallow it.
He got let through eventually. I seem to remember someone escorting him out to let him put in in his parked car, which to my mind seems unusually accommodating but I'm pretty sure that's what happened.