libc is not tiny either. Try compiling helloworld.c using gcc with -static option. You get a similar size. I don't use Go much but I recall comparing binaries and a Go binary was about 200k larger than a binary from gcc compiling C.
[1] https://sourceware.org/glibc/wiki/FAQ#Even_statically_linked...
http://www.etalabs.net/compare_libcs.html
It says musl's smallest static C program can be 1.8k as opposed to glibc's 662k, showing libc doesn't always have to be big and bloated.