Charles provided really great documentation on how to build this here: http://charlesleifer.com/blog/compiling-sqlite-for-use-with-...

Or if you're feeling lazy (like I was), there's a fork of his library at https://github.com/karlb/pysqlite3 which compiles the 3.25.0 amalgamation by default. This worked for me:

    $ python3 -mvirtualenv venv
    $ source venv/bin/activate
    $ pip install git+git://github.com/karlb/pysqlite3
    Collecting git+git://github.com/karlb/pysqlite3
    ...
    Installing collected packages: pysqlite3
    Successfully installed pysqlite3-0.2.0
    $ python
    Python 3.6.5 (default, Mar 30 2018, 06:41:53) 
    [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 9.0.0 (clang-900.0.39.2)] on darwin
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>> import pysqlite3
    >>> pysqlite3.connect(":memory:").execute("select sqlite_version()").fetchall()
    [('3.25.0',)]