It's more like an Internet that meatspace governments can't mess with. Like Tor .onion sites, I2P and other decentralized overlay networks. But ubiquitous.
Here are some of the fundamental documents:
"The Crypto Anarchist Manifesto" (1992) by Timothy C. May <https://www.activism.net/cypherpunk/crypto-anarchy.html>
"The Cyphernomicon" (1994) by Timothy C. May <https://nakamotoinstitute.org/static/docs/cyphernomicon.txt>
"Crypto Anarchy and Virtual Communities" (1994) by Timothy C. May <https://nakamotoinstitute.org/virtual-communities/>
"A Declaration of the Independence of Cyberspace" (1996) by John Perry Barlow <https://www.eff.org/cyberspace-independence>
Cypherpunks (2012) by Julian Assange et al. <http://www.orbooks.com/catalog/cypherpunks/>