It's a project from Sebsauvage[2] (an old school french blogger), who wanted to build a social network around the RSS technology.
I know there are projects around it to aggregate multiple shaarli and use it as an actual social network based around sharing links with RSS. I didn't search about it, but it seems that shaarlo[3] is one of them. EDIT: actually, projects like this are listed in shaarli's documentation[4].
EDIT2: tt-rss-shaarli seems to be what you want, Tiny-Tiny RSS with Shaarli, an aggregator with a sharing/commenting functionality.
[1] https://github.com/shaarli/Shaarli
[2] http://sebsauvage.net/wiki/doku.php?id=php:shaarli
[3] https://github.com/DMeloni/shaarlo
[4] https://shaarli.readthedocs.io/en/master/Community-&-Related...