I've spent some time near Washington politics. It gave me the opionion that our system is purposefully designed to create gridlock in order to tie up political energies. Political energies that would have otherwise been used to create rapid change. I think the entire point is to create a relatively stable climate for business investment.
So that's the exact opposite philosophy as how you described the Chinese system. Central planning and proactive decisions made by a few vs. market driven and reactive desisions made by many.
I'm not even sure if it's possible to determine which system is better or what the exact best middle ground would be. It may have complexity beyond our scientific tools' ability to study.