Specifically, it's an abbreviation of the French messieurs, which is just multiple misters. Maybe it's more formal now, but it was ordinary and frequently used in the past in both French and English writing. (Obviously, still quite commonly used in, um, French today.)
E.g., English https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=messrs&case_in...
French https://books.google.com/ngrams/graph?content=messrs&case_in...